Ameliorative Effects of FMRFamide on 3,4-Methylenedioxyl-Methamphetamine /Tramadol-Induced Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus

Authors

  • Ogunbiyi OE Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Adeniji KO Department of Anatomy, Babcock University
  • Arietarhire L Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Okwute P Department of Physiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Abaneme D Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Enya JI Department of Anatomy, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
  • Soremekun O Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Mofolorunsho A Department of Physiology, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Soyinka O Department of Chemical Pathology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State.
  • Adelodun ST Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Olatunji SY Department of Anatomy, Adventist School of Medicine of East Central Africa, Adventist University of Central Africa, Kigali, Rwanda
  • Afolabi T Department of Anatomy, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State
  • Ajibasde TP Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Obaoye AG Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Dada M Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.
  • Owolabi JO Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Georgia, USA
  • Olanrewaju JA Department of Anatomy, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38029/babcockuniv.med.j..v6i2.210

Keywords:

3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine, Tramadol, FMRFamide, Hippocampus, Memory, Neurodegeneration

Abstract

Objective: Tramadol and 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) use over an extended period is linked to deficits in memory encoding and retrieval. We aimed to determine the neurotoxic effects of co-administration of MDMA and tramadol (TRAM) on hippocampal function and investigate the potential of FMRFamide in attenuating resulting alterations in the Wistar rat model.

Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were grouped into six (n=5):  Control, FMRFamide, TRAM, MDMA, TRAM+MDMA, and TRAM + MDMA + FMRFamide groups. The opiates were administered orally at 20mg/kg each, while 2mg/kg of FMRFamide was administered intraperitoneally for 12 days using normal saline as a vehicle.  The Barnes and Morris water mazes were used to evaluate spatial learning and memory functions, followed by H&E staining, and immunohistochemical staining for glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP).

Results: The opiates significantly increased total latencies in the Barnes Maze test, indicating that short- and long-term memory functions were impaired. Also, high levels of escape latency were observed following MDMA administration, suggesting that MDMA reduced the spatial navigation ability of the animals. These discrepancies were noticeably extreme in animals that received co-administration of opiates. However, FMRFamide showed significant potential in attenuating the damage induced by opiates, thus repairing and restoring memory formation and retention functions.

Conclusion: FMRFamide may attenuate the Tramadol- and MDMA-mediated memory dysfunction by enhancing cholinergic and glutaminergic synthesis and transporting and restoring exploratory and navigational abilities in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats.

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Published

2023-12-31

How to Cite

Ogunbiyi, O., Adeniji, K., Arietarhire, L., Okwute, P., Abaneme, D., Enya, J., Soremekun, O., Mofolorunso, A., Soyinka, O., Adelodun, S., Olatunji, S., Afolabi, T., Ajibade, T., Obaoye, A., Dada, M., Owolabi, J., & Olanrewaju, J. (2023). Ameliorative Effects of FMRFamide on 3,4-Methylenedioxyl-Methamphetamine /Tramadol-Induced Neurodegeneration in the Hippocampus. Babcock University Medical Journal, 6(2), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.38029/babcockuniv.med.j.v6i2.210

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Basic Medical Research

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Ogunbiyi OE, Adeniji KO, Arietarhire L, Okwute P, Abaneme D, Enya JI, Soremekun O, Mofolorunsho A, Soyinka O, Adelodun ST, Olatunji SY, Afolabi T, Ajibasde TP, Obaoye AG, Dada M, Owolabi JO, Olanrewaju JA

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.