Evaluation of implant stability using resonance frequency analysis in two functional implant zones

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to compare implant stability between sinus and ischemic zones at three time points via resonance frequency analysis.

Methods: 37 dental implants were placed in 14 patients aged between 30 and 60 years. These implants were predominantly placed in regions of the mouth with sinus cavities and ischemic areas. Six implants were excluded from the study because they failed early, or the patients did not follow the treatment plan. That left 31 implants to be studied. The analysis assessed how stable the implants were using a special test on the day of surgery and then again at 8 weeks and 12 weeks afterwards.

Results: Implant stability slightly dropped at 8 weeks after surgery. By 12 weeks, stability had increased significantly, showing that the implants were becoming more securely attached to the bone.

The size of the implants did not vary much between the sinus and ischemic areas. Although primary stability was lower in the sinus zone compared to the ischemic zone, the difference was not significant (p = 0.103). Implant stability was significantly higher in the ischemia zone at 8 and 12 weeks after surgery (p=0.0004 and <0.0001, respectively). At 8 and 12 weeks, implants in ischemic areas were significantly more stable than those in sinus areas.

Conclusion: Where the implant is placed in the mouth can affect how well it bonds with the bone. In the early healing stages, areas with poor blood supply (ischemic zones) might actually provide better conditions for implant stability.