NLRP3 inflammasome: new insight into the diagnosis and management of heart failure

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of four blood biomarkers, NLRP3 inflammasome and related biomarkers (NT-proBNP, MYL2, LRG1) in patients with heart failure and their association with renal and hepatic function.

Methods: The study included 60 ICU patients with heart failure and 60 healthy controls. Standard biochemical assays were used to quantify serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, and liver enzyme levels, while commercially available ELISA kits were used to measure NLRP3, NT-proBNP, MYL2, and LRG1. Biomarker performance was evaluated by group comparisons, correlation analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) studies.

Results: Serum levels of NLRP3, NT-proBNP, MYL2, and LRG1 were considerably higher in heart failure patients than in controls (all p < 0.05). Several biomarkers correlated with indices of renal and hepatic dysfunction. ROC analysis suggested discriminatory potential for these markers; however, external validation is required.

Conclusion: NLRP3 and related biomarkers were discovered to be higher in ICU patients suffering from heart failure, and they were linked to organ dysfunction. These findings indicate that NLRP3, NT-proBNP, MYL2, and LRG1 may be promising predictors of disease severity, requiring additional confirmation in larger, prospective trials.