Prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in female university students participating in sports activities at the University of Lagos

Abstract

Objectives: Musculoskeletal complaints (MSCs) are among the most reported health issues globally and a leading cause of disability in younger populations, including university students. This study investigated the prevalence of MSCs among female students at the University of Lagos who engage in sporting activities.

Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical survey was conducted among 363 female university students recruited across various departments. Data collection involved the use of Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire to assess MSCs prevalence. The self-administered questionnaire captured reports of musculoskeletal pain over the past 12-months. Descriptive statistics, including mean, frequency, percentages, and tables, were used to summarize demographic variables, sport-related characteristics and medical consultations, while chi-square tests examined associations between sports participation and MSCs occurrence at an alpha level of 5%.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 20.30 years. The lower limb was most affected, with 203 (56%) reporting hip/thigh pain, followed by the shoulder 182(50.2%), neck 176(48.5%), lower back 167(46.1%), ankle/foot 160(44.1%), and knee 148(40.8%). Among those affected, 35.2% reported activity limitations due to hip or thigh pain. Additionally, a significant association was found between sport duration and 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints in the shoulder (p = 0.008) and lower back (p = 0.036).

Conclusion: MSCs were highly prevalent among female university students engaged in sports, with the lower limbs being the most affected. Awareness and preventive strategies are essential to reduce the risk and long-term impact of MSCs in this population.