Prevalence of tinea capitis in Nnewi and its correlation with haemoglobin genotype, blood group and haematological parameters

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of Tinea capitis and determine its correlation with haemoglobin genotype, blood group, and haematological parameters among pupils presenting with clinical features of the infection.

Method: Scalp scrapings and hair shafts were collected from 131 pupils with clinical features to check for dermatophytes. Blood samples (2mls) were collected from them and 131 randomly selected pupils without clinical features to check the haemoglobin genotype, blood group and haematological parameters and the level of significance was calculated. Ethical approval was obtained, and permission was obtained from the Anambra State Universal Basic Education Board. Pupils whose parents/guardians consented were recruited for the study. Samples were analysed using standard procedures.

Results: Percentage of dermatophyte growth detected was 22.1%. The prevalence of haemoglobin genotype AA was 70% and AS; 29.8%, with M. audouinii more predominant (9.2%). Blood group O occurred more (53.4%), followed by B; 24.4% and A (22.1%). The male gender had a higher prevalence (60.3%) as compared to the female (39.7%). Two isolates (1.5%) of M. canis occurred among the male group in haemoglobin genotype AA and blood group A. The Packed cell volume was significantly lower (P<0.05) in pupils with clinical features of tinea capitis, while total white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, basophil count and monocyte count were significantly higher (P<0.05).

Conclusion: The study revealed that tinea capitis still affects primary School pupils in Nnewi, mostly in the age group 7-9 years, irrespective of the haemoglobin genotype or blood group.